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【英文标准名称】:Planning,designandinstallationofirrigationschemes-Guideforirrigationequipment
【原文标准名称】:灌溉系统的规划,设计和安装.灌溉设备指南
【标准号】:BS7562-5-1993
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:1993-11-15
【实施或试行日期】:1993-11-15
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(GB-BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:农用设备;农业安全性;农学;流体设备元件;灌溉设备;灌溉工程;性能;管道配件;管道;管;管道工程系统;泵;喷射装置;喷雾设备(农业);阀门;水泵;水阀;浇水机具
【英文主题词】:Agriculturalequipment;Agriculturalsafety;Agronomy;Fluidequipmentcomponents;Irrigationequipment;Irrigationworks;Performance;Pipefittings;Pipelines;Pipes;Pipeworksystems;Pumps;Sprayers;Sprayingequipment(agriculture);Valves;Waterpumps;Watervalves;Wateringequipment
【摘要】:ThisPartofBS7562givesguidanceontheequipmentrequiredforirrigationschemes.Itdealsspecificallywithsprinklerandtrickle/bubblerirrigationasthemostcommonmethodsofirrigationintheUKandcoversin-fieldirrigationequipment;pipelines,pumpinstallations,andpumpsuctionanddeliverypipework.
【中国标准分类号】:P57
【国际标准分类号】:65_060_35
【页数】:32P;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforDryingBehaviorofSpentNuclearFuel
【原文标准名称】:核废料干燥行为的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMC1553-2008
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2008
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:C26.13
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:ThisguideprovidestechnicalinformationforusebySNFownerstodeterminetheformsofwaterusuallyassociatedwithspentnuclearfuelduetocorrosiondamageofthefuel,claddingandstoragematerialsduringirradiationandinstoragepools.DryingmaybeneededtopreparetheSNFforsealeddrystorage,transportation,and/orpermanentdisposalatarepository.Thisguideprovidesinformationfor:4.1.1Evaluatingwhatdryingsystemshouldbeused,4.1.2Dryingmethods,and4.1.3Methodstoconfirmthatadequatedrynesswasachieved.Theguidecanbeusedtodetermine:4.2.1Dryingtechnologiesthataredesignedtoremovemostoftheunboundwaterbutwillnotremoveallformsofwater.Waterremainingonandincommercialandresearchreactorspentnuclearfuelscomingfromwaterbasinstoragemaybecomeanissuewhenthefuelissealedinadrystoragesystemortransportcask.Themovementtoadrystorageenvironmenttypicallyresultsinanincreaseinfueltemperatureduetothedecayheat.Thistemperaturechangecouldbesignificanttocausethereleaseofwaterremaininginasealeddrypackagethatmayresultincontainerpressurization,fuelretrievabilityissues,andcontainercorrosion.4.2.2Amethodologyforevaluatingdryingprocessesthatmaynotreadilyremoveallformsofwaterthatmayberetainedinporesinfuelcladding,capillaries,sludge,crud,andthinwettedsurfacefilms.Dryingtechniquesareevenlesssuccessfulinremovingboundwater.Removalofboundwaterwillonlyoccurwhenthespecificthresholdenergyisappliedtobreakthebondsinvolvedandreleasethewater.Forspentnuclearfuelthisthresholdenergymaycomefromthecombinationofthermalinputandionizingradiation.4.2.3HowtheresidualwaterretainedwiththeSNF,CRUDandsludgeinsideasealedpackagemaybecomeavailabletoreactwiththeinternalenvironment,thefuel,andthepackagematerialsasaresultofextendedtimeatequilibriumdrystoragetemperatures,orasthedirectresultofradiolyticdecomposition.1.1Thisguideisorganizedtodiscussthethreemajorcomponentsofsignificanceinthedryingbehaviorofspentnuclearfuel:evaluatingtheneedfordrying,dryingspentnuclearfuel,andconfirmationofadequatedryness.1.1.1Theguideaddressesdryingmethodsandtheirlimitationsindryingspentnuclearfuelsthathavebeeninstorageatwaterpools.TheguidediscussessourcesandformsofwaterthatremaininSNF,itscontainer,orboth,afterthedryingprocessanddiscussestheimportanceandpotentialeffectstheymayhaveonfuelintegrity,andcontainermaterials.Theeffectsofresidualwaterarediscussedmechanisticallyasafunctionofthecontainerthermalandradiologicalenvironmenttoprovideguidanceonsituationsthatmayrequireextraordinarydryingmethods,specializedhandling,orothertreatments.1.1.2ThebasicissueindryingistodeterminehowdrytheSNFmustbeinordertopreventissueswithfuelretrievability,containerpressurization,orcontainercorrosion.AdequatedrynessmaybereadilyachievedforundamagedcommercialfuelbutmaybecomeacomplexissueforanySNFwherecladdingdamagehasoccurredduringfuelirradiation,storage,orboth,atthespentfuelpools.Drynessissuesmayalsoresultfromthepresenceofsludge,crud,andotherhydratedcompoundsconnectedtotheSNFthatholdwaterandresistdryingefforts.1.2Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:F46
【国际标准分类号】:27_120_30
【页数】:16P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语